Minbiziaren aurkako CAR-T zelulen bidezko immunoterapia

Abstract

The last years immunotherapy has become a useful strategy in the fight against cancer. One of the most popular therapies is called CAR-T. In this treatment, the patient’s T lymphocytes are removed and modified in the laboratory to enhance the action against the tumour by placing a type of “sensor” on its surface (CAR receptor). Thus, the patient is re- introduced with the transformed lymphocytes, which search for, recognize, and attack tumour cells. In this review, we will explain the structure, mode of generation, and adverse effects of CAR receptors on therapy. Finally, CAR-T immunotherapy has been shown to be effective in several blood tumours, as well as in certain types of solid tumors.; Azkenengo urteotan immunoterapia minbiziari aurre egiteko estrategia baliagarria bihurtu da. Terapia ezagunenetako bati CAR-T deritzo. Tratamendu honetan, gaixoaren T linfozitoak atera eta laborategian aldatu egiten dira tumorearen aurkako ekintza hobetzeko, "sentsore" mota bat jarrita haren gainazalean (CAR errezeptorea). Horrela, pazienteari berriro linfozito eraldatuak sartzen zaizkio, hauek tumore-zelulak bilatu, ezagutu eta erasotzeko. Berrikuspen honetan, CAR errezeptoreen egitura, sortzeko era eta terapiaren efektu desiragaitzak azalduko ditugu. Azkenik, CAR-T immunoterapia odoleko hainbat tumoretan eraginkorra dela frogatu da, bai eta tumore solido mota batzuetan ere.