Aldizkako barauaren efektuak obesitatean eta 2 motako diabetesean

Abstract

Intermittent fasting is an eating plan that switches the daily food intake between the consumption period and fasting period. This dietary strategy is widely used on the view that it might have beneficial effects. This way, the effects it can have to combat obesity and diabetes are being investigated. In this work, a systematic review on this topic has been done. In the mentioned diseases, it does have desirable effects as it affects in some parameters such as body composition, fat mass, plasma lipids, blood glucose concentration and/or insulin response. But these effects have been produced by the reduction of energy itself, as the effects produced by caloric reduction maintenance are similar. There is not enough scientific evidence at the moment, as the studies published in the literature do not address diet quality, and it may have more obvious effects on disease, whatever the calorie restriction or fasting time. Moreover, there is little mention of the side effects that can occur when following this strategy. However, practitioners should monitor these effects closely.; Aldizkako baraualdia eguneko elikagai-ahorakina ingesta-aldi eta barau-aldietan banatzen duen elikadura mota da. Estrategia dietetiko hau asko erabiltzen da, zenbait efektu onuragarri eragin ditzakeelako ustean. Hori horrela, obesitateari eta diabetesari aurre egiteko izan ditzakeen efektuak ikertzen ari dira. Lan honetan berrikusketa sistematikoa egin zaio gaiari. Aipatutako gaixotasunetan baditu eragin desiragarriak, zenbait parametrotan eragiten baitu: gorputz-osaeran, gantz-masan, lipido plasmatikoetan, odoleko glukosa-kontzentrazioan edo/eta intsulinaren aurreko erantzunean. Azpimarratu behar da efektuok energia-murrizketari berari sor zaizkiola, zeren, izan ere, antzekoak baitira energiaren murrizketa luzatzeak berak sortzen dituen efektuak. Zientifikoki oraindik ez dago behar adinako ebidentziarik. Izan ere, literaturan argitaratuta dauden ikerlanek ez dute lantzen dietaren kalitatea; horrek eragin nabariagoak izan ditzake gaixotasunetan, kaloria- eta janaldi-murrizketa edozein izanik ere. Gainera, gutxi aipatzen dira estrategia hau jarraitzean gerta litezkeen albo-ondorioak, profesionalek gertutik zaindu beharko lituzketenak.