Browsing by Subject "CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE"
Now showing items 1-20 of 36
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1-42 beta-Amyloid peptide requires PDK1/nPKC/Rac 1 pathway to induce neuronal death
(Nature Publishing Group, 2013-01)1-42 beta-Amyloid (A beta(1-42)) peptide is a key molecule involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Some of its effects are manifested at the neuronal morphological level. These morphological changes involve ... -
A Minimal Model of Metabolism-Based Chemotaxis
(Public Library of Science, 2010-12-02)Since the pioneering work by Julius Adler in the 1960's, bacterial chemotaxis has been predominantly studied as metabolism-independent. All available simulation models of bacterial chemotaxis endorse this assumption. Recent ... -
A neural extracellular matrix-based method for in vitro hippocampal neuron culture and dopaminergic differentiation of neural stem cells
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: The ability to recreate an optimal cellular microenvironment is critical to understand neuronal behavior and functionality in vitro. An organized neural extracellular matrix (nECM) promotes neural cell ... -
Age-dependent decrease in glutamine synthetase expression in the hippocampal astroglia of the triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model : mechanism for deficient glutamatergic transmission?
(BioMed Central, 2011-07-30)Astrocytes are fundamental for brain homeostasis and the progression and outcome of many neuropathologies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) generalised hippocampal ... -
Altered expression of Alzheimer's disease-related genes in the cerebellum of autistic patients: a model for disrupted brain connectome and therapy
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014-05)Autism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are, respectively, neurodevelopmental and degenerative diseases with an increasing epidemiological burden. The AD-associated amyloid-beta precursor protein-alpha has been shown to be ... -
Behavioral, neurochemical and morphological changes induced by the overexpression of munc18-1a in brain of mice: relevance to schizophrenia
(Nature Publishing Group, 2013-01)Overexpression of the mammalian homolog of the unc-18 gene (munc18-1) has been described in the brain of subjects with schizophrenia. Munc18-1 protein is involved in membrane fusion processes, exocytosis and neurotransmitter ... -
Brca1 is expressed in human microglia and is dysregulated in human and animal model of ALS
(Biomed Central, 2015-08-01)Background: There is growing evidence that microglia are key players in the pathological process of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is suggested that microglia have a dual role in motoneurone degeneration through ... -
CGP37157, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, protects neurons from excitotoxicity by blocking voltage-gated Ca2+ channels
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014-04)Inhibition of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX) by CGP37157 is protective in models of neuronal injury that involve disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. However, the Ca2+ signaling pathways and stores ... -
Classification of neocortical interneurons using affinity propagation
(Frontiers Reseach Foundation, 2013-12)In spite of over a century of research on cortical circuits, it is still unknown how many classes of cortical neurons exist. Neuronal classification has been a difficult problem because it is unclear what a neuronal cell ... -
Conformational Sampling and Nucleotide-Dependent Transitions of the GroEL Subunit Probed by Unbiased Molecular Dynamics Simulations
(Public Library of Science, 2011-03-10)GroEL is an ATP dependent molecular chaperone that promotes the folding of a large number of substrate proteins in E. coli. Large-scale conformational transitions occurring during the reaction cycle have been characterized ... -
Cytokine pathway disruption in a mouse model of schizophrenia induced by Munc18-1a overexpression in the brain
(Biomed Central, 2014-07-29)Background: An accumulating body of evidence points to the significance of neuroinflammation and immunogenetics in schizophrenia, and an imbalance of cytokines in the central nervous system (CNS) has been suggested to be ... -
Differential activity of GSK-3 isoforms regulates NF-kappa B and TRAIL- or TNF alpha induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014-03)While TRAIL is a promising anticancer agent due to its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in neoplastic cells, many tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), display intrinsic resistance, highlighting ... -
Effects of PSA Removal from NCAM on the Critical Period Plasticity Triggered by the Antidepressant Fluoxetine in the Visual Cortex
(Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2016)Neuronal plasticity peaks during critical periods of postnatal development and is reduced towards adulthood. Recent data suggests that windows of juvenile-like plasticity can be triggered in the adult brain by antidepressant ... -
Energy demands of diverse spiking cells from the neocortex, hippocampus, and thalamus
(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2014-04-08)It has long been known that neurons in the brain are not physiologically homogeneous. In response to current stimulus, they can fire several distinct patterns of action potentials that are associated with different ... -
From the Cajal alumni Achucarro and Rio-Hortega to the rediscovery of never-resting microglia
(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2015-04-14)Under the guidance of Ramon y Cajal, a plethora of students flourished and began to apply his silver impregnation methods to study brain cells other than neurons: the neuroglia. In the first decades of the twentieth century, ... -
FTY720 attenuates excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation
(BioMed Central, 2015-05-08)Background: FTY720 (fingolimod, Gilenya(TM)), a structural analog of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is the first oral drug approved for treatment the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (MS), and its efficacy ... -
GABA release by hippocampal astrocytes
(Frontiers Res Found, 2012-08-17)Astrocytes can directly influence neuronal activity through the release of various transmitters acting on membrane receptors expressed by neurons. However, in contrast to glutamate and ATP for instance, the release of GABA ... -
Increase in the density of resting microglia precedes neuritic plaque formation and microglial activation in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease
(Nature Publishing Group, 2010-01)The formation of cerebral senile plaques composed of amyloid beta peptide (A beta) is a fundamental feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glial cells and more specifically microglia become reactive in the presence of A beta. ... -
Increased expression of cystine/glutamate antiporter in multiple sclerosis
(BioMed Central, 2011-06-03)Background: Glutamate excitotoxicity contributes to oligodendrocyte and tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Intriguingly, glutamate level in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients is elevated, a feature which ... -
Increased physical activity is not enough to recover astrocytic population from dark-rearing. Synergy with multisensory enrichment is required
(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2013-10-04)Elimination of sensory inputs (deprivation) modifies the properties of the sensory cortex and serves as a model for studying plasticity during postnatal development. Many studies on the effects of deprivation have been ...