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The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material.2024-03-18T17:33:58ZDevelopmental changes in individual alpha frequency: Recording EEG data during public engagement events
http://hdl.handle.net/10810/66205
Developmental changes in individual alpha frequency: Recording EEG data during public engagement events
Turner, Christopher; Baylan, Satu; Bracco, Martina; Cruz, Gabriela; Hanzal, Simón; Keime, Marine; Kuye, Isaac; McNeill, Deborah; Ng, Zika; van der Plas, Mircea; Ruzzoli, Manuela; Thut, Gregor; Trajkovic, Jelena; Veniero, Domenica; Whear, Sarah; Wale, Sarah P.; Learmonth, Gemma
Statistical power in cognitive neuroimaging experiments is often very low. Low sample size can reduce the likelihood of detecting real effects (false negatives) and increase the risk of detecting non-existing effects by chance (false positives). Here, we document our experience of leveraging a relatively unexplored method of collecting a large sample size for simple electroencephalography (EEG) studies: by recording EEG in the community during public engagement and outreach events. We collected data from 346 participants (189 females, age range 6-76 years) over 6 days, totalling 29 hours, at local science festivals. Alpha activity (6-15 Hz) was filtered from 30 seconds of signal, recorded from a single electrode placed between the occipital midline (Oz) and inion (Iz) while the participants rested with their eyes closed. A total of 289 good-quality datasets were obtained. Using this community-based approach, we were able to replicate controlled, lab-based findings: individual alpha frequency (IAF) increased during childhood, reaching a peak frequency of 10.28 Hz at 28.1 years old, and slowed again in middle and older age. Total alpha power decreased linearly, but the aperiodic-adjusted alpha power did not change over the lifespan. Aperiodic slopes and intercepts were highest in the youngest participants. There were no associations between these EEG indexes and self-reported fatigue, measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory. Finally, we present a set of important considerations for researchers who wish to collect EEG data within public engagement and outreach environments.
Available online 19 July 2023
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZNo evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson-Schill (2014)
http://hdl.handle.net/10810/66204
No evidence of fast mapping in healthy adults using an implicit memory measure: failures to replicate the lexical competition results of Coutanche and Thompson-Schill (2014)
Gurunandan, Kshipra; Cooper, Elisa; Tibon, Roni; Henson, Richard N.
Fast mapping (FM) is a hypothetical, incidental learning process that allows rapid acquisition of new words. Using an implicit reaction time measure in a FM paradigm, Coutanche and Thompson-Schill (Coutanche, M. N., & Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2014). Fast mapping rapidly integrates information into existing memory networks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(6), 2296–2303. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000020) showed evidence of lexical competition within 10 min of non-words being learned as names of unknown items, consistent with same-day lexicalisation. Here, Experiment 1 was a methodological replication (N = 28/group) that found no evidence of this RT competition effect. Instead, a post-hoc analysis suggested evidence of semantic priming. Experiment 2 (N = 60/group, online study, pre-registered on OSF) tested whether semantic priming remained when making the stimulus set fully counterbalanced. No evidence for either lexical competition nor semantic priming was detected. Experiment 3 (n = 64, online study, pre-registered on OSF) tested whether referent (a)typicality boosted lexical competition (Coutanche, M. N., & Koch, G. E. (2017). Variation across individuals and items determine learning outcomes from fast mapping. Neuropsychologia, 106, 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.029), but again no evidence of lexical competition was observed, and Bayes Factors for the data combined across all three experiments supported the hypothesis that there is no effect of lexical competition under FM conditions. These results, together with our previous work, question whether fast mapping exists in healthy adults, at least using this specific FM paradigm.
Published on 28 September 2023
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZInteractions between functional networks in Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment
http://hdl.handle.net/10810/66203
Interactions between functional networks in Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment
Delgado-Alvarado, Manuel; Ferrer-Gallardo, Vicente J.; Paz-Alonso, Pedro M.; Caballero-Gaudes, César; Rodríguez-Oroz, María C.
The study of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is critical to understand the underlying processes of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Functional connectivity (FC) disruptions in PD-MCI patients have been observed in several networks. However, the functional and cognitive changes associated with the disruptions observed in these networks are still unclear. Using a data-driven methodology based on independent component analysis, we examined differences in FC RSNs among PD-MCI, PD cognitively normal patients (PD-CN) and healthy controls (HC) and studied their associations with cognitive and motor variables. A significant difference was found between PD-MCI vs PD-CN and HC in a FC-trait comprising sensorimotor (SMN), dorsal attention (DAN), ventral attention (VAN) and frontoparietal (FPN) networks. This FC-trait was associated with working memory, memory and the UPDRS motor scale. SMN involvement in verbal memory recall may be related with the FC-trait correlation with memory deficits. Meanwhile, working memory impairment may be reflected in the DAN, VAN and FPN interconnectivity disruptions with the SMN. Furthermore, interactions between the SMN and the DAN, VAN and FPN network reflect the intertwined decline of motor and cognitive abilities in PD-MCI. Our findings suggest that the memory impairments observed in PD-MCI are associated with reduced FC within the SMN and between SMN and attention networks.
Published on 17 November 2023
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZWant to quickly adapt to distorted speech and become a better listener? Read lips, not text
http://hdl.handle.net/10810/66202
Want to quickly adapt to distorted speech and become a better listener? Read lips, not text
Pourhashemi, Faezeh; Baart, Martij; van Laarhoven, Thijs; Vroomen, Jean
When listening to distorted speech, does one become a better listener by looking at the face of the speaker or by reading subtitles that are presented along with the speech signal? We examined this question in two experiments in which we presented participants with spectrally distorted speech (4-channel noise-vocoded speech). During short training sessions, listeners received auditorily distorted words or pseudowords that were partially disambiguated by concurrently presented lipread information or text. After each training session, listeners were tested with new degraded auditory words. Learning effects (based on proportions of correctly identified words) were stronger if listeners had trained with words rather than with pseudowords (a lexical boost), and adding lipread information during training was more effective than adding text (a lipread boost). Moreover, the advantage of lipread speech over text training was also found when participants were tested more than a month later. The current results thus suggest that lipread speech may have surprisingly long-lasting effects on adaptation to distorted speech.
Published: December 29, 2022
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z