Poliolefinen pirolisia iturri-ohantze konikoan

Abstract

The amount of waste plastic increases every single year, which causes a critical environmental issue. Polyolefins (mainly high and low density polyethylene and poly- propylene) are the most common types of plastics, accounting for 60 wt% of the plastic waste. Pyrolysis, the thermal degradation in an inert atmosphere, is considered to be one of the most appealing technologies for the recycling of plastic materials. The conical spouted bed reactor is suitable for the pyrolysis of plastic waste due to its ability to avoid agglomeration problems that may be caused by the melted plastic. The pyrolysis process may be carried out at different temperatures and with or without the presence of catalysts in the reaction environment in order to streamline the product distribution. The resulting products are hydrocarbons: non-condensable gases (C1-C4), gasoline fraction, diesel frac- tion, and waxes. These fractions might be used directly as feed streams for refinery units or as pools to be mixed with other streams from refineries.; Hondakin plastikoen kantitatea gero eta handiagoa da eta horrek arazo larria sortzen du. Hondakin plastikoen artean ugarienak, %60 inguruko masa-proportzioan, poliolefinak dira (dentsitate altuko eta baxuko polietilenoa eta polipropilenoa). Pirolisi bidezko birziklatzea aukera interesgarria da plastikoen materiala berreskuratzeko. Pirolisia atmosfera inertean gauzatzen den degradazio termikoko prozesua da. Iturri-ohantze konikoak propietate egokiak ditu material plastikoen pirolisia egiteko, batez ere plastikozko partikula urtuek eragin ditzaketen aglomerazio-arazoak ekiditeko. Pirolisia tenperatura ezberdinetan, katalizatzailerik gabe edo katalizatzaile ezberdinak erabiliz egin daiteke, lortzen diren produktuen banaketa aldatzeko. Poliolefinen pirolisian lortzen diren produktuak hidrokarburoak dira, hala nola, C1-C4 gasak, gasolina frakzioa, gasolio frakzioa edota ezkoak. Frakzio horiek findegietan ohiko korronteekin elkar daitezke edo bertako unitateetako elikadurak osa ditzakete.