The genetic history of Scandinavia from the Roman Iron Age to the present
Ikusi/ Ireki
Data
2023-01Egilea
Rodríguez Varela, Ricardo
Moore, Kristjan H. S.
Ebenesersdottir, S. Sunna
Kilinc, Gulsah Merve
Kjellström, Anna
Papmehl-Dufay, Ludvig
Alfsdotter, Clara
Berglund, Birgitta
Alrawi, Loey
Kashuba, Natalija
Sobrado, Verónica
Lagerholm, Vendela Kempe
Gilbert, Edmund
Cavalleri, Gianpiero L.
Hovig, Eivind
Kockum, Ingrid
Olsson, Tomas
Alfredsson, Lars
Hansen, Thomas F.
Werge, Thomas
Munters, Arielle R.
Bernhardsson, Carolina
Skar, Birgitte
Christophersen, Axel
Turner-Walker, Gordon
Gopalakrishnan, Shyam
Daskalaki, Eva
Omrak, Ayca
Pérez Ramallo, Patxi
Skoglund, Pontus
Girdland-Flink, Linus
Gunnarsson, Fredrik
Hedenstierna-Jonson, Charlotte
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
Liden, Kerstin
Jakobsson, Mattias
Einarsson, Lars
Victor, Helena
Krzewinska, Maja
Zachrisson, Torun
Stora, Jan
Stefansson, Kari
Helgason, Agnar
Götherström, Anders
Cell 186(1) : 32-46 (2023)
Laburpena
Scandinavia spanning the Iron Age to the present, based on 48 new and 249 published ancient genomes and genotypes from 16,638 modern individuals. We find regional variation in the timing and magnitude of gene flow from three sources: the eastern Baltic, the British-Irish Isles, and southern Europe. British-Irish ancestry was widespread in Scandinavia from the Viking period, whereas eastern Baltic ancestry is more localized to Gotland and central Sweden. In some regions, a drop in current levels of external ancestry suggests that ancient immigrants contributed proportionately less to the modern Scandinavian gene pool than indicated by the ancestry of genomes from the Viking and Medieval periods. Finally, we show that a north-south genetic cline that characterizes modern Scandinavians is mainly due to the differential levels of Uralic ancestry and that this cline existed in the Viking Age and possibly earlier.