Sample preparation for suspect and non-target screening of xenobiotics in human biofluids by liquid chromatography —High resolution tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

The concept of exposome covers all the exposures an individual suffers from conception to death, which can be partially assessed through the monitoring of human biofluids. In there, target ana- lytical approaches tend to focus on a limited set of xenobiotics, whereas exposomic studies need broad scopes in search of a full understanding. Given the issue, suspect and non-target screen- ing are feasible alternatives. However, adequate sample preparation procedures should minimize interferences without significantly reducing the number of xenobiotics. Within this context, the present article aims to describe comprehensive sample preparation procedures for suspect or non- target screening of organic xenobiotics in several human biofluids, all coupled to unified separa- tion and detection conditions based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high res- olution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS/MS)