Nolako gorputz-jarrerak, halako genero rolak: irudiaren alfabetizazioan jarduteko esku-hartzea

Abstract

[EUS] Ikerketa lan honetan, publizitateak ekoiztutako hainbat iragarkietan azaltzen diren gorputz-jarrerak aztertzearen bitartez, Amurrioko Virgen Niña Ikastetxeko Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasleei irudien alfabetizazioan trebatzeko aukera eskaintzen zaie. Horretarako, Yolanda Dominguez artista bisualaren Poses lana oinarritzat hartuta, eskuhartze bat diseinatu eta praktikan ipintzen da, bereziki modako iragarkietan agertzen diren balio eta giza kulturalki kutsatutako gorputz- jarrerak biluztea helburu duena. Horrek ikasleak genero rolekin lotutako estereotipoak kuestionatzera eta ikuspuntu kritiko batetik aztertzera eraman ditu. Irudia aztertzearekin batera, ikasleek irudiaren sorkuntzan ere lan egin dute. Foto-muntaiaren bitartez, irudi ezberdinen protagonista nagusiak bilakatu dira eta gainera, irudi horiek erabili dituzte prozesuaren azken fasean eskatu zaien sormen lan bat burutzeko. Ikerketa lan honek erakutsi du ikasleek publizitatean, zein oro har hedabide ezberdinetan agertzen diren irudiak modu pasiboan kontsumitzen jarraitzen dituztela, honek etorkizunean ekar diezaieketen kalteez ohartu gabe. Erronka honen aurrean, proposatu den eskuhartzearen bitartez, ikasleek irudiek norberaren identitatean, harremanetan, zein jokabideetan daukaten eraginaz ohartzen hasi dira eta hasiera batean oharkabe moduan jaso dituzten estereotipoak zalantzetan ipintzen hasi dira.

[EN] In this research study, the students of Primary 6 of The Virgen Niña School of Amurrio have the possibility to improve their abilities in images literacy by the analysis of the attitudes which appear in different advertisements. For this purpose, it is designed and practiced an intervention based on the work of the visual artist Yolanda Dominguez called Poses, specifically aimed at nudging the body infected with the ideological and human ideals that appear in fashion ads. This has led students to question stereotypes related to gender roles and to analyze them from a critical point of view. Along with analyzing the image, students have also worked on image creation. Through photo montage, they have become the main protagonists of different images and have used these images to carry out a creative work that was requested in the final phase of the process. This research has shown that students in advertising continue to consume the images in a passive way, without realizing the damage it can suppose for them in the future. In front of this challenge, through the intervention which has been proposed, students begin to notice the influence of images on their own identity, their relationships, their behaviors, and they start to doubt the stereotypes they have received at the beginning unconsciously.