Latxa ardien dieta-kalitatearen eta esne-kalitatearen arteko erlazioa mendiko eta bailarako larraldian

Abstract

[EUS] Euskal Herrian bi larre toki nagusitu dira historian zehar: Aralar bezalako mendietako larreak, udaran transhumantzia laburra burutu ostean baserrietatik igotako abelburuak jasotzen dituztenak, eta baserri inguruetako belardiak. Gaur egun ordea, ondorengo belaunaldien ordezkapen faltak geroz eta artzain gehiago baserrietan geratzera behartu ditu. Honek era berean goi mendietako larreek osotasunean barneratzen duten biodibertsitatea arriskuan jarri du. Horrez gain, azken boladan interes berezia piztu da menditik eratorritako produktuek osasunarekiko dituzten eraginetan. Esnearen kalitatea aztertzeko gantz-azidoen soslaietan oinarritzen da, MUFA eta PUFA gantz-azido asegabeak osasungarriak kontsideratuz. Aditu gehienek animalietatik eratorritako produktuen gantz-azidoen soslaia elikadurarekin lotzen dute. Hau dela eta,mendietako larreek esne kalitatean eragin positiboa ote duten aztertu nahi izan da. Horretarako, bailarako eta mendietako larreetan bazkatzen duten 3na artalderen aztertu dira. R programa estatistikoaren bidez RDA analisiak eta Kutxa-diagramak sortu dira. Emaitzek erakutsi digute bailarako eta mendietako larreetan landare-espezie ezberdinak aurkitzen direla, ondorioz eskeintzen duten makromineralen kalitatea aberatsagoa dela. Esne-kalitateari dagokionez berriz,mendian bailaran baino esne-kalitate hobea ekoizten dela behatu da.

[EN] Two main types of grazing grounds have existed in the Basque Country throughout history: mountain pastures such as Aralar’s, where livestock gathers in summer leaving the farms behind after a short-distance transhumance, and pastures that are close to the farms. Nevertheless, the lack of successors from younger generations have forced an increasing number of shepherds to stay on the farms nowadays, putting the highland pastures’ biodiversity at risk. Furthermore, a special interest has arisen lately on the health benefits of mountain derived products. Milk quality is measured according to fatty acid profiles; considering MUFAs and PUFAs as healthy. Most experts link the fatty acid profile of animal derived products with their nutrition. This research aims to find out whether mountain pastures have positive effects. The milk of three herds of sheep grazing in mountain pastures and another three grazing in valley pastures has been analysed. RDA analysis and box plots have been created by R statistic computing software. Results show different botanical species from one pasture to another, which means the quality of the macrominerals they offer is different too. Regarding milk quality, it has been observed that the mountain produced milk is of higher quality compared to the valley produced one.