dc.contributor.author | Marcaida Ormazabal, Iker ![ORCID](/themes/Mirage2//images/orcid_16x16.png) | |
dc.contributor.author | Maguregui Hernando, Maite | |
dc.contributor.author | Morillas Loroño, Héctor | |
dc.contributor.author | García-Florentino, Cristina | |
dc.contributor.author | Knuutinen, Ulla | |
dc.contributor.author | Carrero Hernández, José Antonio | |
dc.contributor.author | Fernández Ortiz de Vallejuelo, Silvia | |
dc.contributor.author | Pitarch Martí, África | |
dc.contributor.author | Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Kepa ![ORCID](/themes/Mirage2//images/orcid_16x16.png) | |
dc.contributor.author | Madariaga Mota, Juan Manuel ![ORCID](/themes/Mirage2//images/orcid_16x16.png) | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-01-07T14:13:06Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-01-07T14:13:06Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-05-18 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Analytical Chemistry 88(12) :6395-6402 (2016) | es_ES |
dc.identifier.issn | 0003-2700 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10810/30649 | |
dc.description.abstract | Because of the fact that pigments are not ubiquitous in the archeological record, the application of noninvasive analytical methods is a necessity. In this work, pink and purple lake pigments recovered from the excavations of the ancient city of Pompeii (Campania, Italy) and preserved in their original bowls at the Naples National Archaeological Museum (Italy) were analyzed to characterize the composition of their inorganic binders (mordants). In situ preliminary analyses using a hand-held energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (HH-ED-XRF) allowed us to determine the use of an aluminosilicate enriched in Cu and Pb. Scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and benchtop ED-XRF analyses confirmed these results, while inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) allowed one to determine the concentration of major, minor, and trace elements. The use of other techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), and micro-Raman and infrared spectroscopies allowed one to characterize the pigments at the molecular level. The high concentration of Cu detected in the pigments (1228–12937 μg g–1) could be related to the addition of Cu salts to obtain the desired final hue. The concentrations of Pb (987–2083 μg g–1) was also remarkable. Lead isotopic ratio analysis (206Pb/207Pb) suggested a possible origin related to the leaching of the ancient lead pipes from Pompeii and the subsequent transfer to the buried pigments or to the inorganic binder. Molecular analysis also showed that the binder is composed of an allophane-like clay. Moreover, it was possible to determine that to obtain the final purple hue of a specific pigment, Pompeian blue pigment was also mixed into the dyed clay. | es_ES |
dc.description.sponsorship | The authors would like to thank the Naples National Archaeological Museum for the permissions given to perform the in situ measurements of the raw lake pigments contained in the original bowls and deposited in this museum and also for the permissions given to extract samples from these pigment bowls. This work has been funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Project DISILICA-1930 (ref BIA2014-59124-P). Iker Marcaida is grateful to the Basque Government who funded his predoctoral fellowship. Technical support provided by the General X-ray Service of the SGIKer (UPV/EHU, MICINN, GV/EJ, ERDF, and ESF) for the X-ray diffraction analyses and also by the Raman-LASPEA Laboratory of the SGIker (UPV/EHU, MICINN, GV/EJ, ERDF, and ESF) is also gratefully acknowledged. | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | eng | es_ES |
dc.publisher | ACS Publications | es_ES |
dc.relation | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/BIA2014-59124-P | es_ES |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es_ES |
dc.subject | conservation state | es_ES |
dc.subject | wall paintings | es_ES |
dc.subject | marine aerosol | es_ES |
dc.subject | archaeological site | es_ES |
dc.subject | raman-spectroscopy | es_ES |
dc.subject | passive sampler | es_ES |
dc.subject | portable raman | es_ES |
dc.subject | lighthouses | es_ES |
dc.subject | diagnosis | es_ES |
dc.title | Multispectroscopic and Isotopic Ratio Analysis To Characterize the Inorganic Binder Used on Pompeian Pink and Purple Lake Pigments | es_ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | (c)2016 American Chemical Society | es_ES |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00864 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00864 | |
dc.departamentoes | Química analítica | es_ES |
dc.departamentoeu | Kimika analitikoa | es_ES |