Putative Role of Respiratory Muscle Training to Improve Endurance Performance in Hypoxia: A Review
dc.contributor.author | Álvarez-Herms, Jesús | |
dc.contributor.author | Julià-Sánchez, Sonia | |
dc.contributor.author | Corbi, Francisco | |
dc.contributor.author | Odriozola Martínez, Adrián | |
dc.contributor.author | Burtscher, Martin | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2019-03-29T14:09:54Z | |
dc.date.available | 2019-03-29T14:09:54Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-01-15 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Frontiers in Physiology 9 : (2019) // Article ID 1970 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.issn | 1664-042X | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10810/32225 | |
dc.description.abstract | Respiratory/inspiratory muscle training (RMT/IMT) has been proposed to improve the endurance performance of athletes in normoxia. In recent years, due to the increased use of hypoxic training method among athletes, the RMT applicability has also been tested as a method to minimize adverse effects since hyperventilation may cause respiratory muscle fatigue during prolonged exercise in hypoxia. We performed a review in order to determine factors potentially affecting the change in endurance performance in hypoxia after RMT in healthy subjects. A comprehensive search was done in the electronic databases MEDLINE and Google Scholar including keywords: "RMT/IMT," and/or "endurance performance," and/or "altitude" and/or "hypoxia." Seven appropriate studies were found until April 2018. Analysis of the studies showed that two RMT methods were used in the protocols: respiratory muscle endurance (RME) (isocapnic hyperpnea: commonly 10-30', 3-5 d/week) in three of the seven studies, and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) (Powerbreathe device: commonly 2 x 30 reps at 50% MIP (maximal inspiratory pressure), 5-7 d/week) in the remaining four studies. The duration of the protocols ranged from 4 to 8 weeks, and it was found in synthesis that during exercise in hypoxia, RMT promoted (1) reduced respiratory muscle fatigue, (2) delayed respiratory muscle metaboreflex activation, (3) better maintenance of SaO(2) and blood flow to locomotor muscles. In general, no increases of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were described. Ventilatory function improvements (maximal inspiratory pressure) achieved by using RMT fostered the capacity to adapt to hypoxia and minimized the impact of respiratory stress during the acclimatization stage in comparison with placebo/sham. In conclusion, RMT was found to elicit general positive effects mainly on respiratory efficiency and breathing patterns, lower dyspneic perceptions and improved physical performance in conditions of hypoxia. Thus, this method is recommended to be used as a pre-exposure tool for strengthening respiratory muscles and minimizing the adverse effects caused by hypoxia related hyperventilation. Future studies will assess these effects in elite athletes. | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | eng | es_ES |
dc.publisher | Frontiers Media | es_ES |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es_ES |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ | * |
dc.subject | respiratory muscles | es_ES |
dc.subject | physical performance | es_ES |
dc.subject | training | es_ES |
dc.subject | muscle endurance | es_ES |
dc.subject | respiratory exercises | es_ES |
dc.subject | hypoxia | es_ES |
dc.subject | adaptation | es_ES |
dc.subject | induced diaphragmatic fatigue | es_ES |
dc.subject | increases cycling endurance | es_ES |
dc.subject | time-trial performance | es_ES |
dc.subject | inspiratory muscle | es_ES |
dc.subject | exercise performance | es_ES |
dc.subject | high-altitude | es_ES |
dc.subject | ventilatory response | es_ES |
dc.subject | running performance | es_ES |
dc.subject | maximal exercise | es_ES |
dc.subject | oxygen-uptake | es_ES |
dc.title | Putative Role of Respiratory Muscle Training to Improve Endurance Performance in Hypoxia: A Review | es_ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | 2019 Álvarez-Herms, Julià-Sánchez, Corbi, Odriozola-Martínez and Burtscher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | Atribución 3.0 España | * |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2018.01970/full | es_ES |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3389/fphys.2018.01970 | |
dc.departamentoes | Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal | es_ES |
dc.departamentoeu | Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia | es_ES |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as 2019 Álvarez-Herms, Julià-Sánchez, Corbi, Odriozola-Martínez and Burtscher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.