dc.contributor.author | Almenara Pérez, Naroa | |
dc.contributor.author | Gueret, Robin | |
dc.contributor.author | Huertas Alonso, Alberto J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Veettil, Unnimaya Thalakkale | |
dc.contributor.author | Sipponen, Mika H. | |
dc.contributor.author | Lizundia Fernández, Erlantz ![ORCID](/themes/Mirage2//images/orcid_16x16.png) | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-14T18:15:52Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-03-14T18:15:52Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-01 | |
dc.identifier.citation | ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 11(6) : 2283-2294 (2023) | es_ES |
dc.identifier.issn | 2168-0485 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10810/60353 | |
dc.description.abstract | Electrochemical energy storage technologies offer means to transition toward a decarbonized society and carbon neutrality by 2050. Compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries, aqueous zinc-ion chemistries do not require scarce materials or toxic and flammable organic-based electrolytes to function, making them favorable contenders in the scenario of intensifying climate change and supply chain crisis. However, environmentally benign and bio-based materials are needed to substitute fossil-based battery materials. Accordingly, this work taps into the possibilities of lignin together with chitosan to form gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) for zinc-ion chemistries. A simple fabrication process enabling free-standing sodium lignosulfonate–chitosan and micellar lignosulfonate–kraft lignin–chitosan GPEs with diameters exceeding 80 mm is developed. The GPEs combine tensile strength with ductility, reaching Young’s moduli of 55 ± 4 to 940 ± 63 MPa and elongations at break of 14.1 ± 0.2 to 43.9 ± 21.1%. Competitive ionic conductivities ranging from 3.8 to 18.6 mS cm–1 and electrochemical stability windows of up to +2.2 V vs Zn2+/Zn were observed. Given the improved interfacial adhesion of the GPEs with metallic Zn promoted by the anionic groups of the lignosulfonate, a stable cycling of the Zn anode is obtained. As a result, GPEs can operate at 5000 μA cm–2 with no short-circuit and Coulombic efficiencies above 99.7%, outperforming conventional separator–liquid electrolyte configurations such as the glass microfiber separator soaked into 2 M ZnSO4 aqueous electrolyte, which short-circuits after 100 μA cm–2. This work demonstrates the potential of underutilized biorefinery side-streams and marine waste as electrolytes in the battery field, opening new alternatives in the sustainable energy storage landscape beyond LIBs. | es_ES |
dc.description.sponsorship | Financial support from the Global Training program of the Basque Government and the “2021 Euskampus Missions 1.0. Programme” granted by Euskampus Fundazioa are acknowledged. The authors are thankful for funds from the University of the Basque Country (Convocatoria de ayudas a grupos de investigacion GIU21/010). Technical and human support provided by SGIker (UPV/EHU, MICINN, GV/EJ, EGEF, and ESF) is gratefully acknowledged. M.H.S. and A.J.H.-A. acknowledge the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) (grant number FFL21-0006) and the Carl Trygger Foundation (grant number CTS 21:1404) for financial support. | es_ES |
dc.language.iso | eng | es_ES |
dc.publisher | American Chemical Society | es_ES |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | es_ES |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ | * |
dc.subject | lignin | es_ES |
dc.subject | chitosan | es_ES |
dc.subject | bioeconomy | es_ES |
dc.subject | circular economy | es_ES |
dc.subject | gel polymer electrolyte | es_ES |
dc.subject | zinc-ion battery (ZIB) | es_ES |
dc.subject | zinc plating/stripping | es_ES |
dc.title | Lignin–Chitosan Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Stable Zn Electrodeposition | es_ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) | es_ES |
dc.rights.holder | Atribución 3.0 España | * |
dc.relation.publisherversion | https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05835 | es_ES |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05835 | |
dc.departamentoes | Expresión grafica y proyectos de ingeniería | es_ES |
dc.departamentoeu | Adierazpen grafikoa eta ingeniaritzako proiektuak | es_ES |