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dc.contributor.authorVillota Salazar, Natalia ORCID
dc.contributor.authorEchevarria, Begoña
dc.contributor.authorDuoandicoechea Fernández, Unai
dc.contributor.authorLombraña Alonso, José Ignacio ORCID
dc.contributor.authorDe Luis Álvarez, Ana María ORCID
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-27T17:23:51Z
dc.date.available2024-09-27T17:23:51Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-31
dc.identifier.citationCatalysts 14(9) : (2024) // Article ID 580es_ES
dc.identifier.issn2073-4344
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/69595
dc.description.abstractDiclofenac (DCF, C14H11Cl2NO2) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, with a significant occurrence in waste effluents. DCF is especially persistent and difficult to degrade, with numerous toxic effects on aquatic fauna and humans. In 2015, DCF was identified as a priority pollutant (EU Directives on water policy). In this work, UV irradiation and its combination with hydrogen peroxide only or catalyzed by iron salts (photo-Fenton) are analyzed to find the most efficient alternative. DCF aqueous solutions were treated in a stirred 150 W UV photocatalytic reactor. Depending on the case, 1.0 mM H2O2 and 0–5.0 mg/L Fe2+ catalyst, such as FeSO4, was added. During the reaction, DCF, pH, turbidity, UVA at 254 and 455 nm, dissolved oxygen (DO), and TOC were assessed. The degradation of DCF yields a strong increase in aromaticity because of the rise in aromatic intermediates (mono-hydroxylated (4-hydroxy-diclofenac and 5-hydroxy-diclofenac) and di-hydroxylated products (4,5-dihydroxy-diclofenac), which subsequently generate compounds of a quinoid nature), which are very stable and non-degradable by UV light. Thus, only if H2O2 is added can UV completely degrade these aromatic colour intermediates. However, adding ferrous ion (photo-Fenton) the aromaticity remains constant due to iron com-plexes, that generates maximum colour and turbidity at an stoichiometric Fe2+ : DCF ratio of 3. As a result of the study, it is concluded that, with UV light only, a strong yellow colour is generated and maintained along the reaction, but by adding H2O2, a colourless appearance, low turbidity (<1 NTU), and [DO] = 8.1 mg/L are obtained. Surprisingly, photo-Fenton was found to be unsuitable for degrading DCF.es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by PIBA_2023_01_0032- Basic and/or Applied Research Project. Financing entity: Basque Government 2023.es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherMDPIes_ES
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/es/
dc.subjectcoloures_ES
dc.subjectdiclofenaces_ES
dc.subjectturbidityes_ES
dc.titleKinetic Study of the Water Quality Parameters during the Oxidation of Diclofenac by UV Photocatalytic Variantses_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees_ES
dc.date.updated2024-09-27T13:18:49Z
dc.rights.holder© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).es_ES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/14/9/580es_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/catal14090580
dc.departamentoesIngeniería química
dc.departamentoesIngeniería química y del medio ambiente
dc.departamentoeuIngeniaritza kimikoa
dc.departamentoeuIngeniaritza kimikoa eta ingurumenaren ingeniaritza


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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).