Genome of Peștera Muierii skull shows high diversity and low mutational load in pre-glacial Europe
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2021-07-26Autor
Svensson, Emma
Günther, Torsten
Hoischen, Alexander
Munters, Arielle R.
Ioana, Mihai
Ridiche, Florin
Edlund, Hanna
Van Deuren, Rosanne C.
Soficaru, Andrei Dorian
Netea, Mihai G.
Jakobsson, Mattias
Metadatos
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Current Biology 31 : 2973–2983 (2021)
Resumen
[EN] Few complete human genomes from the European Early Upper Palaeolithic (EUP) have been sequenced.
Using novel sampling and DNA extraction approaches, we sequenced the genome of a woman from ‘‘Pesxtera
Muierii,’’ Romania who lived 34,000 years ago to 13.53 coverage. The genome shows similarities to modern-
day Europeans, but she is not a direct ancestor. Although her cranium exhibits both modern human and
Neanderthal features, the genome shows similar levels of Neanderthal admixture ( 3.1%) to most EUP
humans but only half compared to the 40,000-year-old Pesxtera Oase 1. All EUP European hunter-gatherers
display high genetic diversity, demonstrating that the severe loss of diversity occurred during and after the
Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) rather than just during the out-of-Africa migration. The prevalence of genetic
diseases is expected to increase with low diversity; however, pathogenic variant load was relatively constant
from EUP to modern times, despite post-LGM hunter-gatherers having the lowest diversity ever observed
among Europeans.